Home / Doing business in Russia 2020 / Banking sector / Deposit insurance
Doing business in Russia 2020
  1. Introduction
    1. Political and administrative structure
    2. Legal environment
  2. Common forms of business structures for foreign investors
    1. Main types of structure
    2. Registration, liquidation and reorganisation of business structures
    3. Shareholders’ and participants’ agreements
    4. Strategic industries
  3. Anti-monopoly issues
    1. General legal and regulatory framework
    2. Scope of application of the Competition Law
    3. Anti-competitive practices and restriction of competition
    4. Liability
  4. Tax system
    1. General approach
    2. Corporate taxation
    3. Incentives
    4. Special tax regimes
    5. Taxation of individuals
    6. Double taxation treaties
  5. Customs regulations
    1. General approach
    2. Trade between EEU and non-EEU countries
    3. Mutual trade between the EEU members
  6. Currency control
    1. Foreign currency transactions
    2. Consequences of breach/Penalties
  7. Lending in Russia
    1. Lending documents and governing law
    2. Jurisdiction
    3. International finance transactions and repatriation requirements
    4. Security interests
    5. Recognition of security trusts
    6. Syndicated loans
    7. Enforcement
    8. Suretyships and guarantees
    9. Bankruptcy considerations
    10. Other lending related issues
  8. Employment and migration
    1. Formalising the employment relationship
    2. Managing employment relationships
    3. Terminating an employment agreement
    4. Specifics of employing foreign nationals
  9. Personal data protection
    1. General approach
    2. Scope of the Data Protection Law
    3. Liability
    4. Right to be forgotten
  10. Intellectual property
    1. General approach
    2. Contractual aspects of intellectual property rights
    3. Rights over the results of intellectual activity
    4. Company names, trade names, trademarks and appellations of origin
    5. Intellectual property rights infringements
    6. IP Court
  11. Advertising issues
    1. General approach
    2. Scope of application of the Advertising Law
    3. Violations of the Advertising Law
    4. Liability
  12. Anti-corruption and compliance
    1. General approach
    2. Legal framework
    3. Compliance requirements for companies
    4. Concept of corruption in Russian law
    5. Possible targets of bribery
    6. Liability and penalties for corruption
    7. Example of sector-specific anti-corruption measures
  13. Real estate and construction
    1. Rights to real estate
    2. Real estate transactions
    3. Resolution of real estate disputes
    4. Planning and construction issues
  14. Corporate bankruptcy
    1. Insolvency criteria
    2. Stages of bankruptcy proceedings
  15. Import substitution and production localisation in Russia
    1. Measures affecting goods importation and current import substitution legislation
    2. Localisation incentives
    3. Sector-specific impact of import restrictions and localisation requirements
  16. Banking sector
    1. Legislative and regulatory framework
    2. Licensing and operations
    3. Deposit insurance
    4. The anti-money laundering law
    5. Bank secrecy
    6. FATCA and CRS
  17. Environment, energy efficiency and renewables
    1. Environment
    2. Energy efficiency
    3. Renewables
  18. Infrastructure and public private partnerships
    1. General approach
    2. Key PPP legislation
    3. Russian PPP environment
    4. Financing
    5. Legal issues
    6. Prospects for infrastructure projects
  19. Oil & gas
    1. Legislative framework
    2. Ownership and licensing
    3. Restrictions on foreign investors
    4. Licences
    5. PSAs

Banking sector

The Russian banking industry is still characterised by a large number of credit institutions (836 as of 1 January 2020) and by a high level of concentration of capital.

In 2018-2019 the Central Bank of Russia (the “CBR”) continued its policy of reducing the number of credit institutions, aiming for their consolidation and the closer supervision of their activities in the current economic climate. Consequently, a noticeable number of banking licences were revoked in the last two years.

As of 1 January 2020, 60.3% of the banking sector’s total assets were held by the top five Russian banks1. State-owned banks2 continue to play a significant role in the stabilisation and development of the Russian banking sector.

[1] As of 1 January 2020, the top five Russian banks in terms of net assets are Sberbank (RUB 28.9bn, i.e. EUR 412.9m); VTB (RUB 14.3bn, i.e. EUR 204.3m); Gazprombank (RUB 6.5bn, i.e. EUR 92.9m); National Clearing Centre Bank (RUB 4bn, i.e. EUR 57.2m); and Alfa-Bank (RUB 3.8bn, i.e. EUR 54.3m); www.banki.ru/banks/ratings/ (all conversions are based on a notional rate of RUB 70 = EUR 1, as used for convenience throughout this guide).

[2] Such as Sberbank, VTB, Gazprombank, etc.

Legislative and regulatory framework
Licensing and operations
Deposit insurance
The anti-money laundering law
Bank secrecy
FATCA and CRS

Key contacts

Contact
Konstantin Baranov
Konstantin Baranov
Partner
Head of Banking & Finance
T +7 495 786 40 70

Expertise

Banking & Finance

Deposit insurance

Under the Deposit Insurance Law¹, a bank may only attract deposits from or open accounts for individuals, entrepreneurs and small business enterprises (“SBEs”) if the bank is a member of the deposit insurance system.

The Deposit Insurance Law established the Agency for Insurance of Deposits. The Agency has a supervisory role over the deposit insurance system. Its responsibilities include collecting insurance contributions, managing the funds held in mandatory insurance pools, establishing insurance premiums and monitoring insurance payments. Once a bank has been granted a banking licence which allows it to open accounts and deposits for the relevant clients, it is entered into the Agency’s register and needs to apply to the CBR to become registered as a participant in the mandatory deposit insurance system.

Participation in the deposit insurance system is subject to a number of requirements:

  • The CBR must be satisfied that the bank's financial accounts and reports are true and accurate.
  • The bank must be in full compliance with the CBR’s stringently monitored mandatory economic ratios (capital adequacy, liquidity, etc.).
  • The bank must fully comply with the CBR ratios for the assessment of the quality of the bank’s capital and assets, profitability and liquidity, in addition to the CBR’s requirements for the transparency of its ownership structure, risk management system and internal control.
  • The CBR must not be conducting any enforcement actions in respect of the bank, nor must any grounds for these enforcement actions have arisen during the CBR’s review of the bank’s application.

Failure to satisfy these requirements or choosing not to participate in the deposit insurance system will result in the bank being unable to attract deposits from or open accounts for individuals, entrepreneurs and SBEs.

Member banks pay a contribution into a deposit insurance fund. These contributions are calculated as a percentage of the average daily balance of relevant deposits maintained with a particular bank, subject to an established cap. All individual depositors, entrepreneurs and SBEs with deposits in member banks are entitled to 100% compensation for aggregate amounts up to RUB 1.4m (EUR 20,000).

[1] Federal Law No. 177-FZ “On Insurance of Deposits of Individuals in the Banks of the Russian Federation” dated 23 December 2003. Back ↑

Key contacts

Konstantin Baranov
Konstantin Baranov
Partner
Head of Banking & Finance
T +7 495 786 40 70

Expertise

Banking & Finance